Photographic cabinet



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

o. QUARTLEY. PHOTOGRAPHIG CABINET.

No. 450,475. A Patented Apr. 14,1891.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2. C. QUARTLBY.

PHOTOGRAPH() CABINET. No. 450,475.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

CHARLES QUARTLEY, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

PHOTOGRAPHIC CABINET.

SPECFCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 450,475, dated April 14,1891.

Application filed Tune Z4, 1890. Serial Nc. 356,573. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHi-iELEs QUrinfrLEv, a subject of the Queen ofGreat Britain, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, haveinvented certain new and useful lmprovements in Photographic Cabinets,of which the following is a specification, reference being had thereinto the accompanying drawings.

This improvement relates to an apparatus more particularly adapted tothe process known to the photographic profession as bromide enlargement;but parts of it may be usefully employed for other purposes. Heretoforethis class of work necessitated the setting apart of a special room ofconsiderable size from which every ray of white light had to be excludedexcept through one small aperture for the reception of the negative tobe enlarged, and through which the image was reliected on the enlargingtablet or screen. By myimproved cabinet the same results may beaccomplished in the open air, under a skylight, or any place having anunobstructed top light, the development, of course, being carried on ina dark-room the same as for all sensitive plates or papers.

In the accompanying drawings,which show what I now consider to be thepreferable way 4of carrying out my improvement, Figure l is a centralvertical section of a cabinet constructed according to my improvement.Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the same. Fig. 3 is a similar view of afolding cap to the base detached. Figs. 4c and e show similar views ofthe plain sections of the adjustable extensible tube detached. Figis asimilar view of the lens-section detacl'ied, with the frame of thesection iu dotted lines to more clearly show the remainder. Fig` 6 is asimilar view of the top section with negative resting thereon, detached.Fig. 7 is asimilarview of avignetting device detached. Fig. S is anothercentral vertical section of the lens-section from another point of viewand on a larger scale, showing more clearly the construction of theadjusting device. Fig. 9 is an elevation with one side of the baseremoved, showing the entire cabinet packed in the base for transporta`tion or storage.

Referring now to the details of the drawings by letter, A A represent anoblong base,

preferably of light wood-work, although other material may be used, onwhich rests an inclined cap B, whose lower end sets in a rabbeted framea, fitted or attached to'the base A. Above this cap is a preferablyrectangular tube C, made up of plain box-sections c c c of differentdepths, alens-section c', and a negativeholder orsection c. Each ofthese sections c c c c has a rabbeted bottom, as shown in Figs. l and t,adapted to fit in the one next below it, making a tight light-proofjoint, and are made to be interchangeable in position, so thatbyarranging them in different positions the relative distances betweenthe negative resting on the top section, the lens, and a tablet in thebottom of the base may be varied at will, so as to enlarge theimage onthe negative to any requiredA size on the exposed paper on said tablet.

Having thus given a generaldescription of my apparatus, l will now referto the more minute details.

The base comprises two parts A and A' of unequal depths, connected by arabbet-ed joint a', and the upper one A havingl a rabbeted frame a toreceive the lower edges of the cap B. The lower part A contains a tabletE, having wedges e fastened beneath the same. Resting on the bottom ofthe base are other wedges c', which are connected together bya rodF,having one end projecting through the side of the part A, on which endis a knob f. These parts are so arranged that by pulling on the knob fthe wedges e pass under the wedges c and raise the tablet E, while areverse movement (after the tablet has been raised) will lower thesaine. Above the tablet isa slide G, the upper side of which is madewhite, the better to observe the image thrown down by the lens from thenegative.

The cap,for convenience of transportation or storage, l prefer to makeof binders board and with folded ends Z) adapted to fold inward, asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, so that it can be folded closetogether, as shown at B in Fig. l). At one end of the cap are twoopenings b Z2', through which the image thrown on the slide G by thelens may be seen, which openings must be provided with covers to preventaccess of light when the sensitive paper is being exposed.

The lens-section c is provided with a fine IOO focusing device, (bestshown in Figs. and 8,) comprising separate pieces of cord, catgut, orother suitable material, which pass th rough it at the four corners. Twoof these pieces J J are attached directly to the focusing-rod 7eimmediately above them, one at each end of it, (see Fig. 5,) while theother two pieces J J on the opposite side of the tablet are first passedover the tablet to the focusing-rod 7a and then attached thereto at asufficient dis- 1 tance apart to prevent any interference with eachother, and before making them fast permanently it is necessary that thetablet 'shall have been made to hang level. The action of revolving` themilled head K to the right will raise the tablet as high as the bellowsH will allow it to go, and the pawl k will hold it in position, while areverse movement will lower it by its own weight, by which means anydesired focus can be obtained, and the tablet I fixed in that positionby the pawl 7i; pressing against the milled head K.

The bellows H is attached at its top to the under side ofV the tablet I,while the bottom is made fast to the fixed frame L at the base.

The tablet I has an oblong openingi, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5,)which is covered by a slide M, carrying the lens tube N, at the bottomof which maybe set the vignettingdevice, (see Fig. 7,) consisting of aring O tightly fitting on the bottom of the lens-tube and havingspring-wire arms o, which carry the vignetter P, having an opening p,through which the light passes so as to reflect only that portion of thepicture desired to be produced. The spring arms allow of the Vignetterbeing set in any desired position for condensing or expanding the light.

In the side of each of the larger sections, except the lens-section, isan opening Q, (see Fig. 4,) through which the lens-tube or vig- Vnettermay be moved, as desired, from left to right, as shown in Fig. 5, whichopening may be closed by the sliding doors R. (Shown partly in dottedlines in Fig. 4.)

The upper section or negative-holder c is provided with a kit S, whichslides in grooves in the ends of the upper section,

-which kit receives the negative T, and by means of which it can beadjusted from back to front of said section.

The operation is as follows: y The sensitive paper is placed on thetablet E when in its lowest position, and is protected from exposure bythe slide G, and then the upper part of the base Aand the cap Bis set inposition, and as many of the sections cas it is thought to be necessaryare placed above them, over which is placed the. lens-section c', andthen more sections c (generally the shallowest) are put over thelens-section, and above all is placed the negative or top section c,having the kit S, on which is placed the negative T. The image is thenexamined through the openings in the cap, and if it appears to be of thedesired size it is properly centered by moving the lens from right toleft, or vthe kit S backward or forward until the right position isobtained. If the size of the image is not exactly correct, it may bemodified by changing the .positions of the sections or removing some ofthem entirely. For instance, if the image is too large, one of thesections between the lens-section and the cap may be removed. If toosmall now, one of the shallow boxes may be placed between thelenssection and cap. Changes mayalso be made by varying the distancebetween the top and lens sections by removing one or more of thesections between them. By thus varying the relative distances betweenthe negative, the lens, and the slide G, any desired size of image maybe shown upon the latter. After the general focusing has beenobtainedthe tine focusing for sharpness may be readily done by moving thelens-tablet up or down by turning the milled head K. When the desiredsizeof image is obtained on the White slide G and has been tine-focusedby the aid of the mechanism of the lens-section, any opaque covering islaid on or over the negative, or a pneumatic or other shutter used toexclude all light from entering the cabinet,

and the openings b b', Figs. 2 and 3, are closed. The slide G, whichreceived the image, must be withdrawn and the rod F pulled out until thewedges e e, Figs. l and 9, raise the sensitive paper attached to thetablet E (which has hitherto been protected from the action of the lightby the slide G) until it takes the same position or distance previouslyoccupied by the slide G. An exposure of a few seconds by the removal ofthe opaque cloth or opening of the shutter is all that is necessary,when the rod F is pushed back, which will drop the paper and tablet intheir original position and the slide can be replaced, the whole upperportion of the cabinet above the rabbeted joint c', Fig. 1,be liftedoff, and t-he lowerportion with the slide and ysensitive and exposedpaper .be removed to the darkroom and developed in the usual way. Afterthe sensitive.paper has been developed, if no further present use is tobe made of the cabinet, all the parts above the base A A may be setinside of said base, as shown in Fig. 9, and in this state stored awayuntil again wanted for use. For convenience of transportation or to keepthe dust out when stored, I prefer to provide the part A with a cover A,which may be hinged thereto; but this forms no part of the operativedevice.

While I prefer as a matter of economy to make the sections of the tube,base, dac., of wood, I do not limit myself to this, as it is evidentthat these parts may be made of metal, or even of heavy paper or strawboard. Having thus shown one way of carrying out my invention, butwithout limiting myself to the exact construction shown, I claim asnewl. In al photographic cabinet, the interchangeable sections forvarying the relative dist-ance between the lens and the sensitivepaperholder, substantially as described.

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2. In a photographic cabinet, the inter- .changeable sections betweenthe lens and thc negative-holder, substantially as described.

3. In a photographic cabinet, and in combination with a lens and a base,as A A', a series of interchangeable sections between the lens and saidbase.

l. In a photographic cabinet, the combination, with a base, as AA' and alens, of a tapering cover B, and a vertical tube C, carrying the lensand the negative-holder, subst-antially as described.

5. In a photographic cabinet, the combination, with a base, as A A', anda lens, ot a taperlng` `folding cover B, and a vertical tube C, carryingthe lens and the negative-holder, substantially as described.

6. In a photographic cabinet, tlie combination of a base A A', the coverB, having openings b ZJ', and avertical tube C, carrying the lens andnegative-holder, substantially as described.

7 In a photographic cabinet, the combination ot the two-part base A A',the slide G, and adjustable tablet E, contained in said part A, atapering cap B, and a vertical tube C, carrying the lens andnegative-holder, substantially as described.

8. In a photographic cabinet, the combination of the two-part base A A',the slide G, and adjustable tablet E, contained in said part A, thetapering cap B, and the vertical tube C, made up of sections c c' c,substantially as described. u

9. In a photographic cabinet, the combination, with a tablet E, havingWedges c, of the adjustable Wedges e' e', substantially as described.

l0. In a photographic cabinet, the combination, with a lens, of asupport for the same, as the tablet I, and means, as the rod 7c' andcords J J', for raising and lowering the lenssupport, substantially asdescribed.

ll. In a photographic cabinet, the combination, with a lens, of a tabletI, carrying the lens, the cords J J', the rod 7c', the milled head K,and the pawl 7.; for securing the lens in the desired position,substantially as described.

l2. In a photographic cabinet, the vignetting device consisting of aring O and springarins o for carrying the vinnetter P, having opening p,substantially as described.

13. In a photographic cabinet, the lens-section herein shown anddescribed, comprising a frame, an adjustable tablet having an open ingfor the lens, a bellows connectedY to the tablet and frame, a slide I,covering the opening in said tablet, and a lens supported by said plate,substantially as described.

14. In aphotographic cabinet, the combination of the base A A', thefolding cap B, the interchangeable sections c c, lens-sections c', andnegative-sections c", all constructed and arranged as shown, whereby theparts above said base may be packed within the same, substantially asshown and described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two Witnesses,this 21st day of June, i890.

CHARLES QUARTLEY.

Witnesses:

R. D. J oNEs, CAREY HALL.

